6 Tips for More Efficient Reading in Grad School

6 Tips for More Efficient Reading in Grad School Got a long reading list? Welcome to graduate school! Expect to read multiple articles and, depending on your field, even a book each week. While nothing will make that lengthy reading list go away, you can learn how to read more efficiently and get more out of your reading for less time. Here are 6 tips that many students (and faculty) often overlook. Scholarly reading requires a different approach than leisure reading The biggest mistake that students make is approaching their school assignments as if they were leisure reading. Instead, academic reading requires more work. Read prepared to take notes, reread paragraphs, or look up related material. Its not simply a matter of kicking back and reading. Read in multiple passes Sounds counter-intuitive, but the efficient reading of academic articles and texts requires multiple passes. Dont start at the beginning and finish at the end. Instead, scan the document multiple times. Take a piecemeal approach wherein you skim for the big picture and fill in the details with each pass. Start small, with the abstract Begin reading an article by reviewing the abstract and then the first couple of paragraphs. Scan the headings and read the last couple of paragraphs. You might find that there is no need to read further as the article may not suit your needs. Read in more depth If you deem that the material is necessary for your project, reread it. If an article, read the introduction (especially the end where the purpose and hypotheses are outlined) and conclusion sections to determine what the authors believe they studied and learned. Then look at the method sections to determine how they addressed their question. Then the results section to examine how they analyzed their data. Finally, reexamine the discussion section to learn about how they interpret their results, especially within the context of the discipline. Remember that you don't have to finish Youre not committed to reading the entire article. You can stop reading at any time if you decide that the article isnt important - or if you think you have all the information that you need. Sometimes a detailed skim is all that you need. Adopt a problem-solving mindset Approach an article as you would a jigsaw puzzle, working from the edges, the outside, in. Locate the corner pieces that establish the overall framework for the article, then fill in the details, the centerpieces. Remember that sometimes you wont need those inside pieces to grasp the material. This approach will save you time and help you get the most from your reading in the least amount of time. This approach also applies to reading scholarly books. Examine the beginning and end, then headings and chapters, then, if needed, the text itself. Once you step away from the one reading one-pass mindset youll find that scholarly reading is not as hard as it looks. Consider each reading strategically and decide how much you need to know about it and stop once youve reached that point. Your professors may not agree with this approach, but it can make your work much more manageable as long as you review some articles in detail.

Free Essays on Battle of Bunker Hill

One of the most important battles of the American Revolution was the Battle of Bunker Hill. This battle was one of the earlier battles of the war. The battle was fought in Charlestown, Massachusetts on June 16, 1775. Two locations were critical to the americans during this war. These locations were Bunker Hill and Breed’s Hill. Bunker Hill is the highest of the two hills, it is also the location where the americans retreated to. Breed’s Hill is where the where the main portion of the battle was fought. The British commanders were General Thomas Gage and General Sir William Howe. The American commanders were Colonel William Prescott, General Israel Putnam and Joseph Warren. These three commanders were fairly skilled in combat, while the British commanders were highly skilled in combat. After receiving a message that the British were going to secure the two hills on the peninsula across from Boston which at the time was separated from the peninsula by Boston Harbor the Americans decided to invade that area, and they did. They were also starting to build a fort on it, because at that position they could lob cannon shells into Boston easily, and then the Americans could take over Boston, which at the time was a British stronghold. The colonists also wanted to get revenge on the British for shooting then in their backs when they were retreating at Lexington. A spy brought news to the Americans that the British General Gage ordered about seven-thousand men to take out the twenty-thousand man American makeshift army at Bunker Hill. Gage did this because he was furious that the colonists were building a fort right across from Boston. "Dig, and dig hard," was one of many famous phrases said by Colonel Prescott to the Americans while they were digging trenches and wa! iting on the British to attack. British warships started bombing the hillside with cannonballs at dawn. This attack did little damage to the Americans. The British ... Free Essays on Battle of Bunker Hill Free Essays on Battle of Bunker Hill One of the most important battles of the American Revolution was the Battle of Bunker Hill. This battle was one of the earlier battles of the war. The battle was fought in Charlestown, Massachusetts on June 16, 1775. Two locations were critical to the americans during this war. These locations were Bunker Hill and Breed’s Hill. Bunker Hill is the highest of the two hills, it is also the location where the americans retreated to. Breed’s Hill is where the where the main portion of the battle was fought. The British commanders were General Thomas Gage and General Sir William Howe. The American commanders were Colonel William Prescott, General Israel Putnam and Joseph Warren. These three commanders were fairly skilled in combat, while the British commanders were highly skilled in combat. After receiving a message that the British were going to secure the two hills on the peninsula across from Boston which at the time was separated from the peninsula by Boston Harbor the Americans decided to invade that area, and they did. They were also starting to build a fort on it, because at that position they could lob cannon shells into Boston easily, and then the Americans could take over Boston, which at the time was a British stronghold. The colonists also wanted to get revenge on the British for shooting then in their backs when they were retreating at Lexington. A spy brought news to the Americans that the British General Gage ordered about seven-thousand men to take out the twenty-thousand man American makeshift army at Bunker Hill. Gage did this because he was furious that the colonists were building a fort right across from Boston. "Dig, and dig hard," was one of many famous phrases said by Colonel Prescott to the Americans while they were digging trenches and wa! iting on the British to attack. British warships started bombing the hillside with cannonballs at dawn. This attack did little damage to the Americans. The British ...

Thematic Paper- Noah Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Thematic Paper- Noah - Essay Example It is therefore the institution of religion came into being.  Looking into the history of the world at large, it becomes evident that religion existed in all human societies from the most primitive to the most modern ones. â€Å"Humans have formed their own beliefs (called probability belief in mathematics and science) about the set of unknowable elements of the universe.   They have branded their beliefs about the unknowable as religion.† (Acharya, 2006) Since religion is a highly diversified subject, different societies maintain different religious faiths and beliefs. Not only this that it varies from society to society and from one culture to the other, but also one single society contain the followers of different religions in it. The religious cults, practices and festivals vary among the followers of different religions, though there are some similarities too. The main living religions include Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism an d others, among which Judaism, Christianity and Islam share almost the same mythology and traditions. The holy personalities and their life-sketch is also one and the same according to their holy Scriptures. The traditions about patriarch and holy prophet Noah is also common among the three. The guidance of humanity is the basic theme behind the foundation of a religion. The concept of prayer and meditation exists in all the religions of the world, which is also the outcome of the search for truth and justice. The source of spiritual guidance and inspiration i.e. the Divine Scriptures reached to man through the prophets of God. These Holy Scriptures of Abrahamic religions including the Torah, the Old and New testaments, the Bible and the Quran clearly reveal how severe trials the holy men had to forbear to spread the message of God. The name of the Patriarch and Prophet Noah is at the top of the list of greatest people. Noah maintains a very dominant place in

Civil Liberties and Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Civil Liberties and Rights - Essay Example Individuals from different areas changed into a new race of men and their prosperity and labors caused significant changes in the world in the future. Now days united States demographics are not the only ones who are changing in an unprecedented way, but also notions of assimilation. It has been noted that, as the immigrants’ size of population reaches a critical mass in some communities, they are to be transformed by the American society. Culture in America is a powerful force that influences people living in America and the entire world. (Davis, 2003, p. 213). Today, several factors have combined to allow immigrants to resist, if they decide to use assimilation, which is believed to be irresistible. It has become easier for immigrants to resist change because; cultural diversity has been accepted, with emphasis laid on industrial competitiveness. It is worth noting that Immigrants embrace the notion of cultural diversity. This is because they do not have any mechanisms, and policies that describe what cultural diversity actual means. It is pertinent to note that cultural diversity is part of the national agenda, and plays a part in supporting its production realization in the ways people play, work, and live together. During colonization, various European colonists went to where it is today known as United States. Some moved there with the hope of being free of political and religious prosecution while others were after riches and to expansion of their companies. Swedish was in the category of those who went to colonize America under their governments command. Swedish went to America in large numbers and with a purpose. Out of the large numbers, they formed communities, which kept private for them, and in these communities, there were people from many different trades and with many skills lived and prospered. Considering this large numbers, concentration of Swedish people in

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Case Study - Essay Example The function of in-house system developers as mediators of organizational change is emphasized, with focus on their political and management techniques in implementing change. Conventional human-computer interaction (HCI) has focused on looking for means in which to devise a more functional and serviceable interfaces. This pursuit has been inclined to concentrate on the advancement of cognitive models of end user conduct in interaction with computers so as to identify design guidelines (Nadler, 1997). With the observations of Suchman (1987 as cited in Tidd, Bessant & Pavitt, 2001) of established action, collaborative design programs, and sociological descriptions of contextual computer use, this pursuit has departed from the laboratory and aimed to assume a more wide-ranging perspective of the users’ world as a means of updating design. It is thus far fairly known that organizations should be aware of the working activities of users exhaustively and contextually to devise technology that can be successfully integrated in work processes, a point of view now developed by the concern in building up groupware (Tidd et al., 2001). This case study focuses on a custom and internal development application in which common products are altered by an in-house information technology (IT) development group to appropriate the needs of the organization. Grudin (1991 as cited in Kamoche, 2002) argued that, provided with the complexity of direct user session, they could be a more suitable user group with whom developers of products can communicate. Moreover, Suchman (1994 as cited in Tidd et al., 2001) maintained that merely through the effort of internal implementers is it plausible to successfully implant innovative organizational systems into the frameworks of the organization. The in-house development group could be described rather generally as those staff members who have quite a few duties for devising prerequisites for the system, selecting well-suited

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Personal Selling Information Technology Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Personal Selling Information Technology Essay Rebecca Smith started a small business called Ready to Eat. She started the business with three people who was specialised in different categories. Other than Rebecca Smith two persons were looking after packaging and the delivery. As the Business grew by, she recruited other three people for various needs. With such Business growing up she needed a computer which can look after the business transactions which can life easier. This computer is built on the Information System software. In the existing System, system without a computer is said to be a tiresome. The following are the disadvantages of not having a proper Management Information System Employees do not have a proper schedule of having their rosters. Management cannot keep track of the Employee wages. The Stock Orders has no track of how much stock exists and the stock to be ordered. In the Payroll Department everything should be taken in written form. This might lead to improper balancing of the accounts. Without MIS, pricing of each can be difficult. Proposed System Proposed system can overcome the disadvantages that the existing system has. It can provide the following advantages. By feeding the details of an employee in a computer, this system can tell us when a particular employee should attend his duty on what particular day, so that managers need not to worry about allotting the people for a particular work. As part of the system, Computer generates the wages accordingly with a built-in payroll system. With the STOCK Control system, Computer calculates how much stock is available in the Shop so that Stockist has no worries about it. Here the employee checks the stock using a held device With an Information System like this it can be easy for an employee to price each product with a help of barcodes. Advantages and Disadvantages of Personal Selling Personal selling depends on personal communication between the seller and buyer. Advantages and Disadvantages can accrue from the personal communication. Personal communication should have an impact than messages delivered through advertising media, so that the selling can be done at a better approach. It also allows timing of message delivery and obtaining the feedback from the customers by changing messages during a sale. Disadvantages can be of a personal selling to a high cost for reaching a member of the audience. One important issue to remember is that personal selling does not come cheap. Email or Electronic mail can make the customers to order the products through the Internet. Some Networking tools like FIDONET, Health NET, and World Wide Web could help Ready to Eat improve. Other Electronic Services like Fax, Computer Conferencing can be used for Ready to Eat Knowledge Management It can help Rebeccas ready to eat identify, select, organize, disseminate and transfer critical as well as important data which contains valuable information. Knowledge expertises in such a way that organizational memory is able to solve effective and efficient problem, dynamic learning, strategic planning and decision making. By having a good knowledge the company can bear any sort of problem anywhere in the world and at anytime. This knowledge should be distributed among group of people where it will be able to grow, rather than one person having the knowledge and not sharing with other people in the group. E-Commerce and its challenges In order to provide a good business, the company must turn itself into e-commerce processes, especially B2C e-commerce. Out the challenges, the major challenge is the companies need to change distribution system and work processes to manage shipments of individual units directly to consumers. Another tough challenge for e-commerce systems is the integration of WEB-based order processing systems with traditional Servers for small companies and Mainframes for larger enterprises. One good thing about the WEB-Based order is that consumer can place order over the WEB and can find inventory that are available for sale.

The Folly Of Logic, The Freedom Of Truth :: essays research papers

Logic can very often restrain us from recognising the truth when it is presented to us. Allow me to begin by asking a question. What is man? Who are we indeed? We struggle, we grapple, we strain, grasping for truth that is always there, but we feel is out of our reach. We make ourselves prisoners by our own embankment of logic, an instrument that we work too hard. An ox that we send to the field, but provide no water for, driving it on, past exhaustion; a tool that we abuse without having even a miniscule sentiment of remorse. Who are we to think that we can fit our world, our emotions, our lives, our beliefs into neatly packaged little boxes? What right do we have to fit anyone or anything else into our own little spheres we have somehow managed to contrive? Us and our logic! What pharisees we are, what fools we can be! We think we know best; we make our little plans and we analyse our little strategies until there’s nothing left but jargon. We argue our points away until our memory is lost as to what our question was is the first place. Who cares about answers! They won’t help! Answers are of no use. I just want my opinion out there and my voice to be heard. Well, a lot of help that is when everyone is screaming so hard that all becomes numb and meaningless and silent. Just watch then as our individual universes we’ve been able to construct explode into oblivion, leaving us broken, desolate, torn. We are then left begging for love, starving our spirits in desperation, frantically stripping away our own will. What simpletons we can be! Can we not see the truth that has all this time been staring us blatantly in the eyes? Stop grasping, I ask you, be still! Stop bellowing and just be calm! The truth is simple. The truth is bare. We need only to shred those strategies, burn those boxes, and clear the table to see the truth we’ve left buried there, watching us, hoping we will acknowledge it.

Four Functions of Management Paper Essay

The four functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The term management has been used since the early twentieth century, and people such as Frederick W. Taylor, Henri Fayol, Max Weber, and A.H. Maslow all contributed to the evolution of management. The four functions of management are as relevant now as they were then. This paper will define and explain each function in today’s organizations. Batman and Snell (2007) define management as â€Å"the process of working with people and resources to accomplish organizational goals.† Managers operate in a dynamic environment where things can change very quickly. A good manager must not only know how to do things right (efficiency), but also how to do the right things (effectiveness). Even when overwhelmed with a task, a manager must continue to focus on effectiveness and efficiency. PlanningThe first function of management is planning. â€Å"Planning is specifying the goals to be achieved and deciding in advance the appropriate actions needed to achieve those goals† (Batman and Snell, 2007). Planning should engage all levels of management and improve decision-making. A successful manager should be able to plan effectively. Planning is about looking ahead, identifying a desired end point, and making decisions to reach that end point. Batman and Snell (2007) stated, â€Å"Planning activities include analyzing current situations, anticipating the future, determining objectives, deciding in what type of activities the company will engage, choosing corporate and business strategies, and determining the resources needed to achieve the organization’s goals. â€Å"Part of Company X’s vision is to play a leading role in the nuclear energy renaissance in the United Kingdom while simultaneously improving the long-term reliability of its current power plants. Company X currently owns and operates nine power stations in the United Kingdom and employs 6,000 personnel. Planning plays a significant part in directing such a large organization. The company has developed a mission, vision, company business plan, and annual financial plan. Each department or business unit also has a business plan that is aligned with the company’s business plan. Creating a plan is one step towards success, but it also must be effectively implemented. Organizing†Organizing is assembling and coordinating the human, financial, physical, informational, and other resources needed to achieve goals† (Batman and Snell, 2007). To accomplish an organization’s objectives, individuals are assigned to positions, and they are granted levels of authority and responsibility. People are an organization’s greatest asset, and organizing them to effectively and efficiently complete work positions the organization for success. â€Å"Organizing requires staffing the work division, setting up the training for the employees, acquiring resources, and organizing the work group into a productive team† (Allen, 1998). The organizing function in Company X is strong. During the last five years, significant change has occurred at Company X, as the company has recovered from a position of near bankruptcy and adapted to a rapidly changing electricity market. Already Company X is anticipating the need for additional skilled people to staff new power plants and fill the vacancies at existing power plants caused by the increasing retirements of the aging workforce. Successfully training and organizing these new personnel will be a significant challenge for the company. A recent organizational change occurred which grouped power plants with similar technology together in one business unit to maximize the opportunities to learn and work together. Leading†Leading is stimulating people to be high performers. It includes motivating and communicating with employees, individually and in groups† (Batman and Snell, 2007). Leading is providing direction and influencing people to follow. Individuals can be influenced by directing, delegating, coaching, mentoring, and selling. Leading requires close contact with people and requires that the leader has the right skills to influence people. Company X continuously strives to improve its leadership. In such a complex technical environment, leaders rely heavily on individuals to solve very complex problems. When faced with a significant technical challenge, Company X temporarily assigns an inspirational and technically competent director to lead a recovery team to resolve the issue. In 2006, Company X shut down two nuclear reactors due to emergent technical faults that had never been encountered or anticipated. A director from the engineering function led a  recovery team to analyze the technical issue, develop alternative solutions, and manage the chosen solution. The recovery team was motivated to think in creative ways to develop alternative solutions, and resolution required a company-wide effort to complete. After being shut down for a year, the power plants were re-started, and their performance has helped the company regain a position in the FTSE 100. ControllingThe final function is controlling. â€Å"Controlling monitors performance and implements necessary changes† (Batman and Snell, 2007). This function determines whether plans are being effectively implemented. â€Å"Controlling is the final link in the functional chain of management activities and brings the functions of management cycle full circle† (Allen, 1998). The first step in controlling is establishing a performance standard. Without a performance standard, one has no benchmark from which to compare. After performance is measured, one determines whether that performance meets or exceeds the performance standard. If the performance fails to meet the performance standard, corrective action must be initiated. To conduct work in the plants, Company X requires the use of operating procedures that include technical acceptance criteria. Through review of the operating procedure results versus the technical acceptance criteria, one can determine whether corrective action is necessary. Company X also has company documents that detail the expected behaviors and actions of workers. Leaders periodically observe work in the plant to determine whether worker behaviors meet those expected standards. If not, the leaders help the workers to demonstrate the correct behaviors, usually through coaching. To capture and resolve conditions that do not meet performance standards, Company X uses a corrective action process. This computer based process tracks the conditions from initial identification to resolution. ConclusionThe four functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Each of these functions were described individually, but  they all work together to ensure the success of an organization. Company X uses all four of these functions to effectively and efficiently supply the United Kingdom with 17% of its electricity. References Allen, G. (1998). In Supervision. Retrieved February 7, 2008, from http://ollie.dcccd.edu/mgmt1374/contents.htmlBateman, T.S.and Snell, S.A. (2007). Management: Leading and Collaborating in a Competitive World (7th ed.). [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-Text]. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Retrieved February 5, 2008, from University of Phoenix, rEsource, MGT330

Destructive Science Essays - Research, Science, Technology

Destructive Science Essays - Research, Science, Technology Destructive Science Although science can advance and improve society, science can also destroy the people it was intended to serve. Scientists have long held the belief that sacrifice of a few is justified by the beneficial potential for the masses and therefore have traditionally used animals and even at times humans as the subject of experiments. Society itself has also predominantly accepted the scientist's view, and welcome new experiments, hoping for new scientific advances that will help society. With new technology, power comes easily to those who learn to harness it, and scientific research has expanded the power of the common person to levels where one man can literally destroy the world. Although science is researched by people to answer questions of "what if," and also to benefit society, the experiments which enhance scientific knowledge is destructive to the one being experimented upon. In amassing the massive amount of scientific knowledge, an even greater number of animals have been destroyed. Such destruction is now at times thought of as essential to an experiment. Science has learned that subjects must be sacrificed for advancement of knowledge. Thus the 20th century version of religious animal sacrifice is performed everyday in laboratories, with the scientists hoping that the use of animals themselves will bring scientific enlightenment. To add to the problem, science not only destroys in the process of new knowledge, but also creates the potential for global destruction. With scientific "achievements" such as the nuclear bomb, society has been wary about thermo-global nuclear destruction that could easily be triggered by one lunatic who has access to nuclear weapons. Although science can and is mostly beneficial to society, the advancement of knowledge can empower evil as well as good. Rappuccini, empowered with scientific knowledge, carried on evil and destructive experiments. Modern scientists also carry on destructive experiments to merely "see if it can be done," and believe that nothing is sacred in the path of new scientific knowledge. In essence, science has become the determinant of their morals, and thus a new type of religion is created for those who view science for more than it is: the search for truth, not an excuse to perform the scientist's fancy.

Social Media Versus Cyber Bullying Essays - Human Behavior, Abuse

Social Media Versus Cyber Bullying Essays - Human Behavior, Abuse Social Media Versus Cyber Bullying It seems that social media is here to stay, and to say that it isnt, is almost taboo to most people. Social media is big part of our daily lives, we use it to sign up for games, talk to people far away, and even to meet new people. This is can be a wonderful thing if used for the right reasons. Sadly people do not always do things for the right reasons, they can become a different person online because they feel safe behind the keyboard they are typing on. With all the hundreds of social media websites you can be apart of, you never are able to know someone for who they truly are. According to Hayeon Song, who is an assistant professor of communication at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Facebook is one major way people have social interaction, then studied people and found that the feeling of loneliness made people want to get on facebook and not that facebook made people lonely. Song decided to focus on Facebook for his study for the simple fact that it accounts for fiftyfour percent of time spent on the internet globally and it accounts for sixtytwo percent of time in the united states. One of the biggest concerns is if all this time spent connected is good or bad when we have really decided on if internet usage is psychologically beneficial or not.Song asks Does spending so many hours with a machine keep people from making real connections with other people? Or, does it allow people who are shy or socially awkward a chance to connect with others in a way that's more comfortable for them than face-to-face communication? Though it is widely known t hat people with anxiety have benefited from talking from a comfortable setting to people they do not know well, it is still believed that face-to-face interaction has changed significantly. According to Lori Ann Wagner humans are social creatures that desire that social connection, and with the introduction of social media that helps to make it easier to get that connection people desire, but she is concerned that your phone may be too Smart and can provide to much of a distraction from what's going on in the real world. She feels that a phone can keep you from experiencing what's going on around you, but knows that your phone can tell you what you are missing. So encourages you to keep using your smartphone, but also wants you to see the world and the people in it. When it comes to online interaction with people you have never met, you can not distinguish what is real and not real. While online you can become whoever you want to be, you want to be a brain surgeon? Nothing is stopping you from telling people that. While online people can change and become bullies, this is known as cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is harassing someone online for any reason, making malicious posts about people, sharing private pictures, and even sending them hurtful messages. This has become a really big issue in our society due to the fact that so many people are connected online. Cyber bullying effects mostly any child, preteen, and teenagers who have access to social media, testing, and emails. It is the cyber version of bullying on the playground, except on the playground the bigger kid is the bully, whereas online a small kid can bully the bigger kids.According to Joy Peluchette, cyber bullying is common place and has become a severe issue in china, and due to this the suicide rate in young teens has increased significantly. She has even referred to this as an epidemic. Cyberbullying is often motivated by anger and or hate towards someone else, or even just for laughs, sometimes it just makes them feel better about themselves because they have power over someone else. These kids that bully others online may be the ones who get bullied at school or even mistreated at home so when they get on the computer they feel safe and powerful behind the safety of their keyboards. This is terribly disheartening because no kid deserves to be bullied or to be made

Starbucks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Starbucks - Essay Example Other countries where Starbucks has opened several stores include Canada, where it operates 1,248 and Japan where Starbucks has 965 stores (Garza par. 1). Industry Starbuck Corporation deals with the sales of drip brewed coffee, hot drinks of espresso, coffee beans, hot and cold drinks, sandwiches, salads, sweet pastries, Panini, snacks and other items such as tumblers and mugs. In addition, Starbucks sells coffee and ice cream at its grocery stores (Stevens and Loudon, 2005). As aforementioned, Starbucks is currently the largest coffee company and chain in the world operating more than 20,000 stores in 62 countries. Starbuck also stands out as one of the major employer company in the world with more than 149,000 employees. In addition, the company has over 4 million followers on Twitter plus 34 million likes on Facebook (Garza par. 3). Regarding growth, Starbucks currently operates at a mature stage of its lifecycle. Since its founding more than 2 decades ago, the company has experi enced rapid growth since its formation. Nevertheless, the growth prospects have significantly slowed down in recent times, which have even forced it to close some of its chains. Starbucks is currently focusing its efforts on its earlier endeavors and internationalization (Allison 4). Starbuck’s Mission Statement Starbuck’s mission statement is more than just words. ... Starbuck’s Sales History Starbuck has always registered increased sales over the last two decades of its existence. With a market capitalization worth $50 billion, the company has always been able to register increased sales, thanks to its quality coffee, which continue to attract more customers. In the year 2012, for example, the company registered $13 billion in sales (Murphy par. 3). Target Markets Starbuck has a very diverse market with segments varying depending on the different products that the company offers. However, in general terms, Starbuck’s target market comprises of the coffee drinkers throughout the country. Starbuck also targets mainly men and women aged between 18 to 35 years since they form about 40% of the total market. Most of the company’s customers reside in cities and suburban areas. Starbuck’s target market also comprises of university faculty members and students, as well as individuals working in managerial, professional, and exe cutive positions. Further, the company also targets people with earning relatively higher incomes, since the company’s products are more expensive than other coffee shops such as Tim Hotton and Coffee Times (Murphy par. 5). Competitive advantage Starbuck’s competitive advantage is based on the company’s strengths. These include the premium quality of its coffee drinks and other products that it offers. Starbuck also provide its customers with a brand experience that goes beyond the products that it deals with, including excellent customer service, peculiar drink names, and elegant looking stores that serves as an excellent meeting point. The company also gives back to the community and protects the environment through corporate social responsibility. In addition, the company has strong personnel

Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Law - Assignment Example so have the expertise to interpret laws and the constitution, but both have vested interests and citizens do not stand a chance against the creator and the enforcer of the law. Only the Supreme Court can objectively assess the constitutionality of laws or government actions. Indictment and information both refer to the written instrument which formally charges an accused with an offense. Both are required to state with clarity the acts and circumstances that constitute the offense as defined by law. An indictment is returned only by a grand jury while in the case of information, the authority is with the Department of Justice. As such, an indictment states that â€Å"the grand jury charges† while an information begins with, "The United States of America, acting through its attorneys, charges". If I were charged with a criminal case, I would prefer an information over an indictment because in an information, I will have the chance of entering into a plea agreement with the prosecution. As an accused, I have the right to waive an indictment and opt for an information instead. A reasonable suspicion is basically an educated guess used by the police to frisk or detain a person. If the police suspects that a person is about to commit or has committed a crime, he can stop, frisk and detain the person provided that his suspicion has some valid and reasonable grounds. And these grounds must be supported by facts or circumstances that point to such facts. A probable cause is the requirement in order to carry out a valid and legal arrest or search. Before issuing a search warrant or a warrant of arrest, the police must convince the judge that a probable cause exists that the person to be arrested has committed the crime or that the objects they are looking for are at the premises to be searched. In the case of warrantless arrest and search, the police officer may base the existence of probable cause on the reliable and available information that they have at that